REDOX REACTION

REDOX REACTION are chemical reactions in which both oxidation and reduction occurs simultaneously.
OXIDATION : gain oxygen, loss hydrogen.
REDUCTION : loss oxygen, gain hydrogen.
OXIDISING AGENT : a substance that cause oxidation and get reduced.
REDUCING AGENT : a substance that causes reduction and get oxidised.
OXIDATION NUMBER : charge that atom of element would have if complete transfer of electrons take place.

SALT

In chemistry, salts are ionic compounds that result from the neutralization reaction of an acid and a base. They are composed of cations (positively charged ions) and anions (negative ions) so that the product is electrically neutral (without a net charge). These component ions can be inorganic such as chloride (Cl⁻), as well as organic such as acetate (CH₃COO⁻) and monatomic ions such as fluoride (F⁻), as well as polyatomic ions such as sulfate (SO₄²⁻).
There are several varieties of salts. Salts that hydrolyze to produce hydroxide ions when dissolved in water are basic salts and salts that hydrolyze to produce hydronium ions in water are acid salts. Neutral salts are those that are neither acid nor basic salts. Zwitterions contain an anionic center and a cationic center in the same molecule but are not considered to be salts. Examples include amino acids, many metabolites, peptides, and proteins.
Molten salts and solutions containing dissolved salts (e.g., sodium chloride in water) are called electrolytes, as they are able to conduct electricity. As observed in the cytoplasm of cells, in blood, urine, plant saps and mineral waters, mixtures of many different ions in solution usually do not form defined salts after evaporation of the water. Therefore, their salt content is given for the respective ions.

SOURCE:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_%28chemistry%29

PERIODIC TABLE (SPM)

as we know, in malaysia, students start learning chemistry at form 4 level. before learning chemistry in more detail, it is important to know about periodic table. Each group has its own properties.take a look at http://www.webelements.com/pictures.html

SN1 SN2 MECHANISM??

Many organic students have confusion on SN1 and SN2 mechanism..including me...after doing some exercises, I already understand it..how about you try this quiz???
click here

RATE OF REACTION

rate of reaction is the speed at which reactants are converted into the products in a chemical reaction. There are few factors that affect the rate of reaction : surface area of a solid reactant, temperature, concentration, presence of catalyst and pressure(for gaseous reaction)

TIPS FOR SPM CHEMISTRY STUDENTS ( ANSWERING STRUCTURED AND ESSAYS QUESTIONS )

1. Read each question carefully before answering it.

2. Time yourself so you do not run of time.

3. Provide short answer to the question which start with the following words :
**List
**Name
**State

4. Provide longer answer to the question which start with the following words :
**Describe
**Explain
**Why does this
**Suggest

5. Look at the mark printed on the end of the question. The mark will tell you how many points the examiner is looking for in your answer.

6. Show all steps in the working of calculations.

7. Try to write something for every part of each question.

8. Set your answer neatly and logically. Untidy work make examiner difficult to read.

9. Use left over time to check all the questions. Ensure that :
**all chemical equation is balanced
**all chemica formulae is correct
**you give the full name of reagent

reference : L.Y. Choong (2008). Model test papers for spm chemistry. Subang Jaya : SAP Publications (M) Sdn. Bhd.

TIPS FOR SPM CHEMISTRY STUDENTS ( ANSWERING MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS )

1. read each question carefully

2. read through all the alternatives before making decision

3. if you cannot answer a question, leave it out and return to it at the end

4. if you do not know the correct answer, you can improve your chances by eliminating as many wrong answer as possible

5. ensure you give an answer to every question
6. as a rough guide, spend not more than 1.5 minutes to each question


reference : L.Y. Choong (2008).Model test papers for spm chemistry. Subang Jaya : SAP Publications (M) Sdn bhd.

SIMULATION BALANCING CHEMICAL EQUATIONS

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NATIONAL SCIENCE EDUCATION PHILOSOPHY

In consonance with the National Education Philosophy,
science education in Malaysia nurtures
 a Science and Technology Culture by focusing
on the development of individuals who are competitive,
dynamic, robust and resilient and able
to master scientific knowledge and technological competency

NATIONAL PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATIO

Education in Malaysia is an on-going effort towards developing the potential of individuals in a holistic and integrated
manner, so as to produce individuals who are intellectually, spiritually, emotionally and physically balanced and harmonious
based on a firm belief in and devotion to God. Such an effort is designed to produce Malaysian citizens who are
knowledgeable and competent, who possess high moral standards and who are responsible and capable of achieving a high
level of personal well being as well as being able to contribute to the harmony and betterment of the family, society and the
nation at large.

THE NATIONAL PHILOSOPHY

Our nation, Malaysia, is dedicated to achieving a greater unity of all her people; maintaining a democratic way of life;
creating a just society in which the wealth of the nation shall be equitably shared; ensuring a liberal approach to her rich and
diverse cultural traditions; building a progressive society which shall be oriented towards modern science and technology.
We, the people of Malaysia, pledge our united efforts to attain these ends guided by the following principles:
BELIEF IN GOD
LOYALTY TO KING AND COUNTRY
SUPREMACY OF THE CONSTITUTION
RULE OF LAW
GOOD BEHAVIOUR AND MORALITY

ELEMENTS AND ATOMS

INTRODUCTION TO ATOM

LEARN TO CREATE A BLOG.....

today, my sekf and all of my friends start learning with  Puan Asmayati how to create a blog... It is joyful that we can create a blog by ourself...Glad to having a great helpful lecturer to help us set-up our blog....that's for now..byee

first time....

this is my first time having my own blog.....it is scary at first for me to proceed this asignment "having own blog"....but after Madam Asmayati teach me and all clasamates on how to make a blog, it become easier for me...hope this blog can be a benificial one for academic purposes.